2024 Annual Meeting | S17 - Multiple Sclerosis: Immunology/Basic Sciences

Date Monday 04/15/24

Time 01:00 PM - 03:00 PM MDT Add To Calendar

Location Colorado Convention Center | 108/110/112

Session Format This program will be presented both in-person and online

On Demand This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.

Event Type Scientific Platform Session

Moderator(s) Pavan Bhargava, MD, FAAN, Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN

Topic(s) Multiple Sclerosis

Learning Objectives A group of abstracts covering a similar topic will be presented in an eight-minute oral format followed by four minutes of question and answer with the author.

CME Available 2.00 CME credits

Program Materials Program Evaluations

Event Timeline
01:00 PM - 01:12 PM MDT	Speaker	2024 Alliance Award: S. Weir Mitchell: Plasma Biomarkers in Multiple sclerosis: A Treatment Comparison Analysis of Highly Efficacious versus Moderately Efficacious Therapies Shane Arsenault, MD
01:12 PM - 01:24 PM MDT	Abstract	002 - Aberrant Iron Deposition in the Progressive MS Spinal Cord Relates to Neurodegeneration Marco Pisa, MD
01:24 PM - 01:36 PM MDT	Abstract	003 - Reduced Aß Amyloid Deposits Relate to Inflammation and Neuronal Survival in Multiple Sclerosis Cortex Jonathan Pansieri, PhD
01:36 PM - 01:48 PM MDT	Abstract	004 - Preclinical Development of a T Cell Receptor-engineered Regulatory T Cell Therapy for Progressive MS Jefte Drijvers
01:48 PM - 02:00 PM MDT	Abstract	005 - Regulatory Potential of Sub-significant GWAS Signals for MS Progression Gabriel A. Cerono
02:00 PM - 02:12 PM MDT	Abstract	006 - Impact of Genetic Susceptibility on Multiple Sclerosis Immune Methylome Antonino Giordano
02:12 PM - 02:24 PM MDT	Abstract	007 - Investigation of Novel Variants in Familial Multiple Sclerosis Through Family-based Association Tests and Segregation Analyses Elif Everest, PhD
02:24 PM - 02:36 PM MDT	Abstract	008 - Meta-analysis for Neurofilament Light Chain as a Biomarker in Mouse Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Studies Bernd C. Kieseier, MD
02:36 PM - 02:48 PM MDT	Abstract	009 - Astrocytic MHC-I but Not MHC-II Regulates EAE Disease Severity Sam H. Horng, MD, PhD
02:48 PM - 03:00 PM MDT	Abstract	010 - Acute and Chronic Demyelination Independent of Inflammation Promotes Tissue- and Blood-markers of Neuroaxonal Pathology Ahmed Abdelhak, MD

Faculty Disclosures
Pavan Bhargava, MD, FAAN	The institution of Dr. Bhargava has received research support from EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Bhargava has received research support from Amylyx pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bhargava has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Bhargava has received research support from GSK.
Shane Arsenault, MD	Dr. Arsenault has nothing to disclose.
Helen E. Stephens	No disclosure on file
Antonino Giordano	Mr. Giordano has nothing to disclose.
Maria Needhamsen	No disclosure on file
Klementy Shchetynsky	No disclosure on file
Pernilla Stridh	No disclosure on file
Adil Harroud, MD	Dr. Harroud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Harroud has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. Harroud has received research support from Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada.
Christiane Gasperi	No disclosure on file
Iaroslav Zinevych	No disclosure on file
Kimmo Pääkkönen	No disclosure on file
Päivi Lahermo	No disclosure on file
Sandra D'Alfonso	No disclosure on file
Nadia Barizzone	No disclosure on file
Paola Cavalla	No disclosure on file
Antonio Gallo	Antonio Gallo has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Antonio Gallo has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Antonio Gallo has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Antonio Gallo has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis.
Elena Chinni	No disclosure on file
Bernhard Hemmer	No disclosure on file
Martina Flaskamp	No disclosure on file
Paula Uibel	No disclosure on file
Fredrik L. Piehl, MD, PhD	Dr. Piehl has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Parexel/Chugai. The institution of Dr. Piehl has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Piehl has received research support from Merck KGaA. Dr. Piehl has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a member scientific advisory board with Swedish Medical products Agency.
Federica Esposito	Federica Esposito has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Federica Esposito has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Federica Esposito has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Federica Esposito has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Federica Esposito has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. The institution of Federica Esposito has received research support from Italian MS Society. The institution of Federica Esposito has received research support from Italian Ministry of Health. The institution of Federica Esposito has received research support from ERA Net. The institution of Federica Esposito has received research support from European Commission. Federica Esposito has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.
Elisabetta Mascia	No disclosure on file
Melissa Sorosina	No disclosure on file
Massimo Filippi, MD, FAAN	Dr. Filippi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Almirall, Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi;. Dr. Filippi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion, Biogen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Sanofi-Aventis, Sanofi- Genzyme, Takeda. Dr. Filippi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bayer, Biogen, Celgene, Chiesi Italia SpA, Eli Lilly, Genzyme, Janssen, Merck-Serono, Neopharmed Gentili, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi, Takeda, and TEVA. Dr. Filippi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Springer Nature. The institution of Dr. Filippi has received research support from Biogen Idec, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Roche, the Italian Ministry of Health, the Italian Ministry of University and Research, and Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla.
Stefan Gustavsen	No disclosure on file
Anna Olsson	No disclosure on file
Helle B. Sondergaard, PhD	Dr. Sondergaard has nothing to disclose.
Annette Bang Oturai, MD	Dr. Oturai has nothing to disclose.
Benedicte Dubois	No disclosure on file
Hanne H	No disclosure on file
Tone Berge	No disclosure on file
Steffan Bos	No disclosure on file
Pablo Villoslada, MD, PhD, FAAN	Dr. Villoslada has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Attune Neuroscience. Dr. Villoslada has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Accure Therapeutics. Dr. Villoslada has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Oculis. Dr. Villoslada has stock in Attune Neurosciences. Dr. Villoslada has stock in Bionure Investments. Dr. Villoslada has stock in Spiral Therapeutics. Dr. Villoslada has stock in Adhera Health. The institution of Dr. Villoslada has received research support from Start2Cure Foundation. The institution of Dr. Villoslada has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Villoslada has received research support from Department of Defense. Dr. Villoslada has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.
Sara Llufriu	Sara Llufriu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Sara Llufriu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Sara Llufriu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merci. Sara Llufriu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Abbot. Sara Llufriu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi.
Filippo Martinelli Boneschi	No disclosure on file
Roland Liblau	Roland Liblau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Roland Liblau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Roland Liblau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Roland Liblau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi-genzyme. Roland Liblau has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Servier. Roland Liblau has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Current Opinion in Immunology. The institution of Roland Liblau has received research support from Roche. The institution of Roland Liblau has received research support from ARSEP. The institution of Roland Liblau has received research support from Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale. The institution of Roland Liblau has received research support from Population Bio UK, Inc. The institution of Roland Liblau has received research support from ANR.
Beatrice Pignolet	Beatrice Pignolet has nothing to disclose.
Ingrid Kockum	No disclosure on file
Stephan Beck	No disclosure on file
Janna Saarela	No disclosure on file
Maja Jagodic	No disclosure on file
Nai-Wen Tsai, MD	No disclosure on file
Bernd C. Kieseier, MD	Dr. Kieseier has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Novartis. Dr. Kieseier has stock in Novartis.
Sarah Tisserand	No disclosure on file
Pamela Ramseier	No disclosure on file
Tatjana Uffelmann	No disclosure on file
Giuseppe Locatelli	No disclosure on file
Bruno Cenni	No disclosure on file
Barbara Nuesslein-Hildesheim, PhD	Dr. Nuesslein-Hildesheim has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Novartis Pharma AG. Dr. Nuesslein-Hildesheim has stock in Novartis Pharma AG.
Marc Bigaud	Marc Bigaud has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Novartis Pharma.
Syed W. Akhtar, MD	No disclosure on file
Gabriel A. Cerono	No disclosure on file
Sergio Baranzini	Sergio Baranzini has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Sergio Baranzini has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono . Sergio Baranzini has stock in MATE Bioservices. The institution of Sergio Baranzini has received research support from Valhalla Charitable Fund. The institution of Sergio Baranzini has received research support from Salah Foundation. The institution of Sergio Baranzini has received research support from NIH. The institution of Sergio Baranzini has received research support from NSF. Sergio Baranzini has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Sergio Baranzini has a non-compensated relationship as a co-funder with Mate Bioservices that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.
Jackson A. Narrett, MD	Mr. Narrett has nothing to disclose.
Ahmed Abdelhak, MD	The institution of Dr. Abdelhak has received research support from German Multiple Sclerosis Society.
Christian Cordano, MD, PhD	Dr. Cordano has nothing to disclose.
Greg Duncan	No disclosure on file
Katie Emberley	No disclosure on file
Sonia Nocera	No disclosure on file
Kirtana Ananth	No disclosure on file
Nora Jabassini	No disclosure on file
Kiarra Ning	No disclosure on file
Alexandra Beaudry-richard	No disclosure on file
Frederike Cosima Oertel, MD	The institution of Dr. Oertel has received research support from AAN. The institution of Dr. Oertel has received research support from Hertie Foundation. Dr. Oertel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Recipient (Travel Grant) with ECTRIMS. Dr. Oertel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Recipient (Travel Grant) with NMSS. Dr. Oertel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Recipient (Travel Grant) with ACTRIMS.
Henriette Reinsberg	No disclosure on file
Trent Watkins	No disclosure on file
Jonah Chan, PhD	Jonah Chan, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Consultant for Pipeline Therapeutics. Jonah Chan, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for SFN. Jonah Chan, PhD has stock in Pipeline Therapeutics. The institution of Jonah Chan, PhD has received research support from Mead Johnson. Jonah Chan, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Reviewer with NIH/NINDS.
Ben Emery	No disclosure on file
Jens Kuhle, MD	Dr. Kuhle has nothing to disclose.
Ari Green, MD	Dr. Green has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pipeline Therapeutics. Dr. Green has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bionure. Dr. Green has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for JAMA Neurology. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from NINDS. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from NMSS. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from NIA. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from Adelson Research Foundation. Dr. Green has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Green has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Study Section with NINDS. Dr. Green has a non-compensated relationship as a Author with Viela Bio that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.
	No disclosure on file
Jefte Drijvers	No disclosure on file
Devan Moodley	No disclosure on file
Eugene Antipov	No disclosure on file
Juliana Barrios	No disclosure on file
Jeremy Burns	No disclosure on file
Katie Callow	No disclosure on file
Bethan Chilton	No disclosure on file
Yuan Feng	No disclosure on file
Michelle Fleury	No disclosure on file
Stefan Herrera	No disclosure on file
CJ Ives	No disclosure on file
Matthias John	No disclosure on file
Enoch Kisubika	No disclosure on file
Joshua Lengieza	No disclosure on file
Geetha Mylvaganam	No disclosure on file
Conor O'Malley	No disclosure on file
Elissa Murphy	No disclosure on file
Timothy Nelson	No disclosure on file
Joanna Pizzo	No disclosure on file
Larry Schweitzer	No disclosure on file
Christina Strange	No disclosure on file
Grace Voorhees	No disclosure on file
Yizhou Wang	No disclosure on file
Stephanie Woodall	No disclosure on file
Fang Xia	No disclosure on file
Yanbo Zhang	No disclosure on file
Richard Zhou	No disclosure on file
Jiang Zhu	No disclosure on file
Niranjana Nagarajan	No disclosure on file
Stephen Sofen	No disclosure on file
Andrea Van Elsas	No disclosure on file
Richard M. Ransohoff, MD	Dr. Ransohoff has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Third Rock Ventures. Dr. Ransohoff has stock in Biogen. Dr. Ransohoff has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.
Ellen Cahir-McFarland	No disclosure on file
Amina Abbadi	No disclosure on file
Marco Pisa, MD	Dr. Pisa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck.
Andrew Lockhart, MB, BAO, BCh, MSc	The institution of Dr. Lockhart has received research support from Oxford-Quinnipiac Partnership.
Aimee Avery	No disclosure on file
Thomas M. Angell	Mr. Angell has nothing to disclose.
Jonathan Pansieri, PhD	The institution of Dr. Pansieri has received research support from UK-MS society. The institution of Dr. Pansieri has received research support from Department of Defense US. Dr. Pansieri has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a member of the Grant review Panel with French National Agency. Dr. Pansieri has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a recipee of Travel Grant with Brain.
Alex D. Waldman	The institution of Mr. Waldman has received research support from European Charcot Foundation. The institution of Mr. Waldman has received research support from United States Department of Defense. The institution of Mr. Waldman has received research support from MS Treatment, Education, and Research.
Clara Limbaeck	No disclosure on file
Gabriele C. De Luca, MD, DPhil, FAAN	Dr. De Luca has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Neurology Academy. Dr. De Luca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. De Luca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. De Luca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. The institution of Dr. De Luca has received research support from NIHR, BRC (Oxford). The institution of Dr. De Luca has received research support from National Health and Medical Research (Australia). The institution of Dr. De Luca has received research support from UK MS Society. The institution of Dr. De Luca has received research support from Oxford-Quinnipiac Partnership. The institution of Dr. De Luca has received research support from US Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. De Luca has received research support from Wellcome ISSF (Oxford). The institution of Dr. De Luca has received research support from Bristol Myers Squibb. The institution of Dr. De Luca has received research support from University of Oxford (John Fell Fund). Dr. De Luca has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with MS Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. De Luca has a non-compensated relationship as a Vice-Chair of Grant Review Panel with UK MS Society that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. De Luca has a non-compensated relationship as a Steering Group member with MS Academy that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.
Aksel Siva, MD	Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi-Genzyme. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen - TR. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Abdi Ibrahim Ilac - TR. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck Serono . The institution of Dr. Siva has received research support from Turkish MS Society. The institution of Dr. Siva has received research support from The Scientific and Technological Research Council Of Turkey - Health Sciences Research Grants.
Alper Bulbul	No disclosure on file
Elif Everest, PhD	Ms. Everest has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a postdoctoral visiting fellow with National Institutes of Health.
Melih Tutuncu, MD	Melih Tutuncu has nothing to disclose.
Ugur Uygunoglu	Ugur Uygunoglu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche Turkey . The institution of Ugur Uygunoglu has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. The institution of Ugur Uygunoglu has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen Idec/Gen Pharma of Turkey.
Sabahattin Saip	No disclosure on file
Caner Feyzi Demir	Caner Feyzi Demirkaya has nothing to disclose.
Cavit Boz, MD	Dr. Boz has nothing to disclose.
Husnu Efendi, MD	The institution of Dr. Efendi has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Efendi has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Efendi has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Roche. The institution of Dr. Efendi has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Novartis.
Sena Destan Bunul	No disclosure on file
Taskin Duman	Dr. Duman has nothing to disclose.
Mehmet Tecellioglu	No disclosure on file
Murat Terzi, PhD	Dr. Terzi has nothing to disclose.
Sedat Sen	No disclosure on file
Rana Karabudak, MD	Dr. Karabudak has nothing to disclose.
Asli Tuncer	No disclosure on file
Cihat Uzunkopru	Cihat Uzunkopru has nothing to disclose.
Omer F. Turan, MD	Dr. Turan has nothing to disclose.
Serkan Demir, MD	Dr. Demir has nothing to disclose.
Tuncay Gunduz, MD	Dr. Gunduz has nothing to disclose.
Ufuk Aluclu, PhD	No disclosure on file
Haluk Gumus	No disclosure on file
Umut Voyvoda	No disclosure on file
Osman Sezerman	No disclosure on file
Eda Turanli	No disclosure on file
Mehmet Fatih Yetkin	No disclosure on file
Xavier Ayrignac	Xavier Ayrignac has nothing to disclose.
Alissa Gutnikova	No disclosure on file
Elliott Ridgeon	No disclosure on file
Richard Hickman	No disclosure on file
Margaret Esiri	No disclosure on file
Giovanni Castelnovo	No disclosure on file
Sam H. Horng, MD, PhD	The institution of Dr. Horng has received research support from National Institutes of Health . The institution of Dr. Horng has received research support from Jayne and Harvey Beker Foundation .
Mario Amatruda	No disclosure on file
Jorge Villavicencio	No disclosure on file
Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN	The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Sands Anderson PC. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Joe Jones Law Firm. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Rocky Mountain MS Center. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Abbvie. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from NYU. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Anokion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from UCB . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Foundation for Sarcoidosis. Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Litigative Consultant with US-Dept HHS/DICP. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance (AEA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation (SPSRF) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.